第四單元的語言發展
Exercise 4: Collocations 配對
Choose the correct words to complete the paragraph.
選擇正確的字來完成段落.
In every city in the world, the worst time for traffic congestion is the rush hour in the morning and the evening. Different cities have reached different solutions to this problem. For example, in London there is a congestion charge which makes it expensive to drive in the centre of the city. This encourages people to travel by public transport or to use bicycles. To help cyclists in London, special cycle lanes have been created. In Canada, car sharing is encourage, with special lanes on the motorway for cars with more than one person inside. In old cities where the roads are narrow, parking restrictions can be introduced to stop parked cars blocking traffic.
全世界的城市,最糟糕的時間是早晨和夜晚,是塞車的巔峰期.不同城市有不同的解決方案.例如在倫敦的擁堵費,進入城市要昂貴的費用.鼓勵旅行時搭乘大眾交通工具或是騎自行車.幫助在倫敦騎自行車的人,建立特別的腳踏車步道.在加拿大,鼓勵租借汽車(汽車分享),租借的車在公路旁有專門的道路.在老舊的城市道路狹窄,能採用停車限制來停止停車,防止道路堵塞.
Exercise 5: Academic synonyms 學術代名詞
Complete the table using the words in the box. 使用方框內的字來完成表格.
| Academic verb 學術動詞 | Common verb 普通動詞 |
| prevent 避免 | stop 停止 |
| select 選擇 | choose 選擇 |
| attempt 嘗試 | try 嘗試 |
| consider 考慮 | think about 思考 |
| convince 說服 | get 得到 |
| realize 實現 | understand 理解 |
| organize 組織 | run 跑;執行 |
| require 需求 | need 需要 |
Exercise 6: Word formation 詞的構造
Complete the table.
完成表格
| Verb 動詞 | Noun 名詞 | Adjective形容詞 |
| prevent 避免 | prevention 阻止 | preventable 預防 |
| select 選擇 | selection 選擇 | selected 選 |
| attempt 嘗試 | attempt 嘗試 | attemptable |
| consider 考慮 | consideration 考慮 | considered 考慮 |
| convince 說服 | Nothing | convincing 使人相信 |
| realize 實現 | realization 實現 | Nothing |
| organize 組織 | organization 組織 | organized 安排 |
| require 需求 | requirement 必要條件 | required 需要 |
Exercise 7: Condition clauses 條件子句
Link the pairs of sentences using if and will/won't.
使用if will won't 連結句子
1. If public transport is made cheaper, more people will use public transport.
如果大眾交通工具使用便宜,將會有更多人使用.
2. If more people use public transport, there will be less pollution form cars.
如果更多人使用大眾交通工具,將減少車子造成的汙染.
3. If there is less pollution form cars, children will be healthier.
如果減少車子造成的汙染,孩子將會更健康.
4. If there is less traffic congestion, people won’t get road rage.
如果減少塞車,人們就不會憤怒.
5. If wearing seat belt become compulsory, fewer people will die in road accidents.
如果系上安全帶是規定,更少人死於車禍.
Exercise 8: Conditional clauses 附帶條件子句
Put the words and phrases in the right order to make conditional sentences.
按照附帶條件句子的順序,放置文字和短句.
1. If people drive more carefully, there will be fewer accidents.
如果開車注重安全,車禍將會更少.
2. If people live near their work, they will be able to walk home.
如果離工作不遠,將能走路回家
3. If there is a bridge over the river, people will not use the ferry.
如果橋能過河,將不用搭船.
4. If public transport is good, people will use it instead of their cars.
如果大眾交通工具是好的,將會取代車子.
5. If young people realize the dangers of speed, they will drive more carefully.
如果年輕人意識到速度的危險,將會更安全駕駛.
6. If people turn of their phones when driving, there will be fewer accidents.
如果在開車時關到手機,車禍將減少.
Exercise 9: Vocabulary 詞彙
Read the clues and then fined the academic vocabulary in the word search.
閱讀提示再找字遊戲中尋找學術詞彙.
1. to try to something, especially something difficult: attempt
嘗試做某件事,特別困難的事情: 嘗試
2. to spend time thinking about a possibility or making a decision: consider
花時間想關於可能行的,或花時間做出決定: 思考
3. to persuade someone or make them certain: convince
說服某人使他們確定: 說服
4. a subject or problem that people are thinking and talking about: issue
人們思考並交談關於課程或問題: 問題
5. more important, bigger, or more serious than others of the same type: major
比其他同類更重要更大或更嚴重: 主要
6. to stop something from happening or someone from doing something: prevent
停止某件事,或停止某人做某件事: 避免
7. to need something or make something necessary: require
需要某東西,或需要必須使用: 需要
8. to choose someone or something from a group: select
在組合中選擇某人或某件事: 選擇